Introduction into natural environments shifts the gut microbiome of captivity-raised filter-feeding bivalves.

The gut microbiome is influenced by host species and the environment, but how the environment influences the microbiome of animals introduced into a new ecosystem has rarely been investigated. Freshwater mussels are aquatic fauna, with some threatened or endangered species propagated in hatcheries and introduced into natural systems as part of conservation efforts. The effects of the environment on the freshwater mussel gut microbiome were assessed for two hatchery-propagated species (, ) introduced into rivers within their natural range.

Editorial Commentary: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair or Reconstruction With Internal Bracing, for Properly Indicated Patients, Is Safe, Biocompatible, and Biomimetic.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with internal bracing (IB)-and ACL repair with IB when indicated-reduces graft or repair failure. IB is safe and protects ligament reconstructions and repairs. The IB construct should not be misunderstood as a synthetic ligament.

A test of the loose-equilibrium concept with long-lived organisms: Evaluating temporal change in freshwater mussel assemblages.

The loose-equilibrium concept (LEC) predicts that ecological assemblages change transiently but return towards an earlier or average structure. The LEC framework can help determine whether assemblages vary within expected ranges or are permanently altered following environmental change. Long-lived, slow-growing animals typically respond slowly to environmental change, and their assemblage dynamics may respond over decades, which transcends most ecological studies.

Reduction of a Depressed Femoral Lateral Notch at the Time of Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis.

We present a surgical technique to address severe lateral femoral notch depressions using a small extension in the lateral approach for Lemaire extra-articular tenodesis in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Through this approach, the surgeon is able to obtain good exposure of the lateral femoral condyle, with straightforward access for subchondral reduction, without adding any significant morbidity.