When an underestimated zoonosis and antimicrobial resistance collide: Corynebacterium ulcerans.

In the European region, diphtheria is now rarely suspected in patients presenting with upper respiratory tract symptoms. is the underestimated zoonosis that is replacing infections in industrialized countries, but extensive human and animal prevalence studies are lacking. The range of hosts that can act as reservoirs for is very broad, companion pets currently being the main source of human infection.

In Vitro Activity of Isavuconazole and Amphotericin B in Association against Mucorales.

Mucormycoses can be treated with the combination of Amphotericin B and Isavuconazole. This study evaluates the effects of these drugs in vitro against 59 strains representing 12 Mucorales. In vitro testing of the two drugs together and alone was performed using the MIC " synergy-method" (ETSM), which is more standard in clinical practice than microbroth dilution testing.

Congenital Chagas disease in a Bolivian newborn in Bergamo (Italy).

Chagas disease (CD) is an uncommon disease in Europe. Its epidemiology has changed because of mass migration from Latin America to Europe. Herein we describe a congenital case of CD in a Bolivian newborn in Bergamo, the main city of residence for the Bolivian community in Italy.

Rapid Diagnosis of Mycobacterium genavense Disseminated Infection by the Microseq 500: A Case Report in A Two Year Old HIV-Negative Child.

This paper evaluates the capability of MicroSeq 500 instrument to improve the diagnosis of Mycobacterium genavense The strain was isolated from a two year old child admitted to our hospital for hepatosplenomegaly and massive abdominal lymphadenopathies. DNA was extracted from a lymph node and examined by amplifying 500 bp at the 5' end of 16S rRNA gene using MicroSeq 500 16S rDNA Bacterial Identification PCR kit. Sequencing reactions were performed with MicroSeq 500 16S rDNA Bacterial Identification Sequencing kit (Applied Biosystems, USA).

[A case of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after heart surgery].

There is international experience of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in children suffering acute Respiratory failure (eg. meconium aspiration syndrome); on the contrary there is a lack of consistent experience in pediatric ECMO application in cardiac surgery as bridge to cardiac transplantation and as heart mechanical support after postcardiotomy failure. In fact there are good standardization criteria for selection, inclusion and exclusion in ECMO application for neonatal respiratory failure; differently pediatric ECMO timing (that is when to start and to stop this ventricular support) is not clear and standardized.