[Sex, gender and stature: From biology to culture - and back].

The origin of sexual dimorphism of stature (SSD) in the human species is a subject of debate, likely to have a sociocultural impact. Stature is optimally expressed in good environmental conditions, notably good food, with a strong hereditary determinism. The common academic interpretation, already proposed by Darwin, is that SSD results from sexual selection of stronger males, in most species of mammals, including humans.

Dobutamine stress echocardiography in patients with moderate coronary artery disease detected by coronary computed tomography angiography could reduce the rate of unnecessary coronary angiography.

Aims: To test the hypothesis that dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) reduces the rate of unnecessary invasive coronary angiography (CA) in patients with chronic stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and moderate to severe stenosis detected by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Methods: This study included 49 consecutive, symptomatic CAD patients with coronary lesions greater than 50% detected by CCTA who underwent all DSE and a CA with pressure wire evaluation and FFR measurement. The DSE operators was aware of the CCTA results, but invasive physicians were blinded to DSE results.