[Metabolism of vitamins B1 and PP and their use in oncological practice].

Blood of patients with gastric tumor was studied after their admission to the hospital and after the chemotherapeutic course. Formation of the tumor was accompanied by development of hypovitaminoses B1 and PP. The vitamin deficiency was more distinct after treatment of the patients with cyclophosphan: content of thiamine diphosphate (TDP) was decreased by 40%; NAD+NADP, by 30% and NADH+NADPH, by 20%.

[The biological effect of low-level radiation doses on the morphological composition of the peripheral blood in children].

Examination of 339 children at the age of 2 to 12 years, living in the caesium contaminated region (from 2 to 5 Ci/km2) has revealed that total radioactivity of their urine is, on the average, twice as high as that of children living in "pure" regions. Quantitative and qualitative changes were observed in the erythroid series, neutrophilic leukocytes, eosinophils and B-lymphocytes of the peripheral blood of children subjected to long-term low-level irradiation. It should be noted that the character and direction of these changes were a function of the children's age and the level of total radioactivity of their urine.

[Effect of thiamine and its antimetabolite oxythiamine on the proliferative activity of carcinosarcoma Walker 256 cells].

The microscopic studies of tumours from rats injected with thiamine at a dose of 20 mg/kg for 5 days have shown that sites of hemorrhages and necrosis are considerably more extensive than in tumours of control animals. Injections of the same doses of oxythiamine increase the rate of pathologic mitoses in tumour cells and decrease the tumour weight by 45%, limit the synthesis of thiamine diphosphate and inhibit the transketolase activity in tissues.

[Level of thiamine diphosphate in the liver of tumor-bearing animals kept on a diet including an excessive amount of vitamin B 1].

In mice bearing solid Ehrlich's carcinoma, food consumption did not differ from that in intact animals throughout the whole experiment. In mice with Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma and in rats bearing Walker's carcinosarcoma 256, the daily feed consumption decreased 2-fold by the terminal period of tumor development. In rats, the amount of vitamin B1, calculated per unit of the feed consumed, exceeded the daily requirements of vitamin B1.