Publications by authors named "G Mutuma"
Cancer incidence rates are presented for the Nairobi Cancer Registry, a population-based cancer registry (PBCR) covering the population of the capital city of Kenya (3.2 million inhabitants in 2009). Case finding was by active methods, with standard and checks for accuracy and validity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Sub-Saharan Africa cancer registries are beset by an increasing cancer burden further exacerbated by the AIDS epidemic where there are limited capabilities for cancer-AIDS match co-registration. We undertook a pilot study based on a "strength-of-evidence" approach using clinical data that is abstracted at the time of cancer registration for purposes of linking cancer diagnosis to AIDS diagnosis.
Methods/findings: The standard Nairobi Cancer Registry form was modified for registrars to abstract the following clinical data from medical records regarding HIV infection/AIDS in a hierarchal approach at time of cancer registration from highest-to-lowest strength-of-evidence: 1) documentation of positive HIV serology; 2) antiretroviral drug prescription; 3) CD4+ lymphocyte count; and 4) WHO HIV clinical stage or immune suppression syndrome (ISS), which is Kenyan terminology for AIDS.
Background: Alternative treatments for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are required in East Africa. Paromomycin sulphate (PM) has been shown to be efficacious for VL treatment in India.
Methods: A multi-centre randomized-controlled trial (RCT) to compare efficacy and safety of PM (20 mg/kg/day for 21 days) and PM plus sodium stibogluconate (SSG) combination (PM, 15 mg/kg/day and SSG, 20 mg/kg/day for 17 days) with SSG (20 mg/kg/day for 30 days) for treatment of VL in East Africa.
Article Synopsis
- Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious health concern in developing countries, with limited and costly treatment options, highlighting the urgent need for better therapies.
- A clinical trial compared paromomycin (PM) and sodium stibogluconate (SSG) as treatments for VL in East Africa, but PM had significantly lower cure rates (63.8%) compared to SSG (92.2%) and was less effective in Sudan specifically.
- The study concluded that the effectiveness of PM at its tested dosage was insufficient, particularly in Sudan, indicating that further research on higher doses and combination therapies is necessary.
Familial clustering of cancer in two tertiary care hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya.
East Afr Med J
January 2010
Objective: To describe the occurrence of cancers in families of individuals diagnosed cancer.
Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.
Setting: Outpatient cancer clinics at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) and Radiotherapy Clinic at Nairobi Hospital.