Worsening of Congenital Hypothyroidism After Start of Carob-bean Gum Thickened Formula: Is There a Link? A Case Report.

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH), if not correctly treated with L-thyroxine (L-T4), may be responsible for a permanent intellectual disability. If patients treated with L-T4 do not achieve a good TSH control, the possibility of poor compliance and/or poor absorption of L- T4 should be investigated. We describe an infant with CH whose thyroid hormone levels worsened after she started a carob-bean gum thickened formula.

An Overview on Different L-Thyroxine (l-T) Formulations and Factors Potentially Influencing the Treatment of Congenital Hypothyroidism During the First 3 Years of Life.

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a relatively frequent congenital endocrine disorder, caused by defective production of thyroid hormones (THs) at birth. Because THs are essential for the development of normal neuronal networks, CH is also a common preventable cause of irreversible intellectual disability (ID) in children. Prolonged hypothyroidism, particularly during the THs-dependent processes of brain development in the first years of life, due to delays in diagnosis, inadequate timing and dosing of levothyroxine (l-thyroxine or l-T), the non-compliance of families, incorrect follow-up and the interference of foods, drugs and medications affecting the absorption of l-T, may be responsible for more severe ID.

Retrospective Evaluation of Metformin and/or Metformin Plus a New Polysaccharide Complex in Treating Severe Hyperinsulinism and Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome.

Pharmacological treatment of obesity and glucose-insulin metabolism disorders in children may be more difficult than in adults. Thus, we evaluate the effects of metformin in comparison with metformin plus a polysaccharide complex (Policaptil Gel Retard, PGR) on body weight and metabolic parameters in obese children and adolescents with metabolic syndrome (MetS). : We retrospectively collected 129 children and adolescents (67 girls, 62 boys; median age 12.

Abnormalities of the thyroid in survivors of childhood Hodgkin's disease.

Aim: The progress made in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease (HD) has resulted in long-term survival rates >90%, therefore late sequelae of treatment, especially endocrine diseases, have become more important. Hypothyroidism is the most frequent thyroid disease but hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules and cancer are also frequent. Thyroid cancer begins to appear 5-10 years after neck irradiation and risk persists for decades.

Maternal and environmental factors influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to corticotropin-releasing hormone infusion in offspring of mothers with or without mood disorders.

Individuals with melancholic major depression exhibit basal hypercortisolism and an attenuated ACTH response to exogenous corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) infusion. Given the greater incidence of depression in children of depressed parents, we examined the ACTH and cortisol responses to ovine CRH (oCRH) infusion in 63 adolescent offspring of mothers with major depression, bipolar illness, or no psychiatric illness. Psychiatric and observational assessments of these families had been conducted over the course of 10 years preceding this study.