Publications by authors named "G Monteleone"
Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and progression. This narrative review explores the complex interplay between GM, the immune system, and the central nervous system in AD. We discuss mechanisms through which GM dysbiosis can compromise intestinal barrier integrity, enabling pro-inflammatory molecules and metabolites to enter systemic circulation and the brain, potentially contributing to AD hallmarks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent neoplasms and a major cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite recent advances in treatment approaches, the prognosis of advanced CRC remains poor, thus indicating the necessity of more effective treatments for CRC patients. CRC cells produce high levels of hepcidin, a peptide hormone that binds to the membrane-bound ferroportin and promotes its internalization and degradation, thus sequestering iron into the cancer cells with the downstream effect of enhancing tumor growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirculating Hepcidin Levels Are an Independent Predictor of Survival in Microsatellite Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patient Candidates for Standard First-Line Treatment.
Cancers (Basel)
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- Hepcidin is a hormone linked to iron regulation, produced by colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and this study investigates its potential as a prognostic biomarker in microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic CRC (mCRC).
- The research found that mCRC patients with serum hepcidin levels over 40 ng/mL had a significantly lower one-year overall survival rate compared to those with lower levels, indicating a strong link between high hepcidin levels and poorer prognosis.
- Multivariate analysis confirmed that baseline serum hepcidin levels independently predict overall survival in MSS mCRC patients, suggesting it could be a useful marker for assessing treatment outcomes, warranting further research for validation.
Article Synopsis
- In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), interleukin-34 (IL-34) activates harmful signaling pathways, but the triggers for its production are not well-understood.
- The study found that bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4) is over-expressed in IBD and may enhance IL-34 production, with both proteins showing increased levels and co-localization in inflammatory cells.
- Experiments demonstrated that inhibiting BRD4 led to reduced IL-34 expression, suggesting that BRD4 plays a key role in regulating IL-34 and contributing to inflammation in IBD.
Article Synopsis
- - Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who undergo liver transplantation (LT) due to primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are at a higher risk for developing colorectal cancers (CRC), showing a cumulative incidence of 5.5% within the first three years post-transplant.
- - A systematic review analyzed 15 studies involving 88 patients, finding that those with long-standing UC and active colitis develop tumors shortly after LT, with disease-free survival (DFS) rates at one, two, and three years being 92%, 82%, and 75%, respectively.
- - Despite the high risk of CRC, surgical resection post-CRC showed successful outcomes, with 94% of patients maintaining good graft