[Bioavailability of natural versus synthetic B vitamins and their effects on metabolic processes].

Background: Owing to the widespread use of vitamin supplements to prevent and compensate for deficiencies, the equivalence of natural versus synthetic vitamins with respect to their bioavailability and metabolic influence is discussed controversially.

Method: Thirty healthy female (n=22) and male participants (n=8) were investigated in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study over a supplementation period of 6 weeks for each condition. The participants received a daily dose of a complex of the 8 natural B vitamins (group N), determined by the natural composition of quinoa seedlings, resp.

[Reduction of influenza-like infections by a phytoextract-vitamin-combination: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study].

Background: Recurrent infections are signs of a weakened immune system, and can be traced to a lack of vitamins and minerals. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a nutriological combination of vitamins, trace elements and phytochemicals on the incidence and duration of influenza-like infections.

Methods: Healthy subjects at risk of increased infection exposure took part in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study, each involving a supplementation period of 12 weeks.

Influence of a complex micronutrient supplement on the immune status of elderly individuals.

Nutritional status is known to have profound effects on immune function and resistance to infections, particularly in the elderly. We investigated the effect of a complex micronutrient supplement in elderly people on the changes in some of the cellular components of the immune system, on lymphocyte function, and on the antibody response to influenza vaccination. One-hundred-six subjects aged 62 to 98 were randomly assigned to receive a complex micronutrient supplement or a placebo for three months.

Uptake of various trace elements during germination of wheat, buckwheat and quinoa.

The practice of sprouting is widely used to improve the nutritional value of grain seeds. Several nutritive factors such as vitamin concentrations and bioavailability of trace elements and minerals increase during germination. The objective of this work was to study the enrichment of various essential trace elements during germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seeds in order to improve their nutritional role as a source of bioavailable trace elements.

The FinOP repressor system of plasmid R1: analysis of the antisense RNA control of traJ expression and conjugative DNA transfer.

A key determinant of the frequency of IncF plasmid-mediated DNA transfer between enterobacterial cells is the FinOP system. traJ, a positive regulator of the transfer (tra) genes is controlled at the post-transcriptional level by two negative elements, finP and finO. FinP is a plasmid-specific antisense RNA, whereas finO encodes a proteic co-repressor which is not plasmid specific but exchangeable among F-like plasmids.