Experimental and numerical modelling of the ventriculosinus shunt (El-Shafei shunt).

This study assesses malresorptive hydrocephalus treatment by ventriculosinus shunting with the shunt in the antegrade or retrograde position. First, an experimental model of the cerebral ventricles, the arachnoid villi, the cortical veins, and the superior sagittal sinus was built. For this purpose, the compliance of a human cortical vein was measured and then modelled by means of Penrose tubes.

Enhanced oxygen availability improves liver-specific functions of the AMC bioartificial liver.

Long-term culturing of primary porcine hepatocytes (PPH) inside the Academic Medical Center (AMC)-bioartificial liver is characterized by increased anaerobic glycolysis. Recommendations to increase oxygen availability were proposed in a previous numerical study and were experimentally evaluated in this study. Original bioreactors as well as new configuration bioreactors with 2.

Particle image velocimetry-validated, computational fluid dynamics-based design to reduce shear stress and residence time in central venous hemodialysis catheters.

As crucial factors in blood clot formation, shear stress distribution and low flow zones are assessed in different central venous catheter tip designs by using a combined numeric and experimental approach. Computational Fluid Dynamics was validated with Particle Image Velocimetry by comparing simulated and measured velocities and shear strains in three designs of the blood withdrawing arterial lumen: cylindrical and with tip (1) cut straight, (2) cut at an angle, or (3) cut straight with a sleeve entrance. After validation, four additional designs were studied: (4) with two side holes and tip cut straight or (5) at an angle, (6) concentric lumens, and (7) Ash Split-based.

Three-dimensional numerical modeling and computational fluid dynamics simulations to analyze and improve oxygen availability in the AMC bioartificial liver.

A numerical model to investigate fluid flow and oxygen (O(2)) transport and consumption in the AMC-Bioartificial Liver (AMC-BAL) was developed and applied to two representative micro models of the AMC-BAL with two different gas capillary patterns, each combined with two proposed hepatocyte distributions. Parameter studies were performed on each configuration to gain insight in fluid flow, shear stress distribution and oxygen availability in the AMC-BAL. We assessed the function of the internal oxygenator, the effect of changes in hepatocyte oxygen consumption parameters in time and the effect of the change from an experimental to a clinical setting.