Immunomolecular and reactivity landscapes of gut IgA subclasses in homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease.

The human gut includes plasma cells (PCs) expressing immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) or IgA2, two structurally distinct IgA subclasses with elusive regulation, function, and reactivity. We show here that intestinal IgA1+ and IgA2+ PCs co-emerged early in life, comparably accumulated somatic mutations, and were enriched within short-lived CD19+ and long-lived CD19- PC subsets, respectively. IgA2+ PCs were extensively clonally related to IgA1+ PCs and a subset of them presumably emerged from IgA1+ precursors.

Albumin reprograms the B cell transcriptional landscape and improves neutrophil antimicrobial function in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Patients with acutely decompensated (AD) cirrhosis are immunocompromised and particularly susceptible to infections. This study investigated the immunomodulatory actions of albumin by which this protein may lower the incidence of infections.

Methods: Blood immunophenotyping was performed in 11 patients with AD cirrhosis and 10 healthy volunteers (HV).

Women in STEM becoming independent: Embrace failures as part of the journey to success.

This year at , we are highlighting women in science by sharing their stories and amplifying their voices. In this Viewpoint, we hear from a cross section of women, across multiple research fields, discussing their science and the process of setting up a lab as an independent researcher.

Vaccination with staphylococcal protein A protects mice against systemic complications of skin infection recurrences.

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are the most common diseases caused by (), which can progress to threatening conditions due to recurrences and systemic complications. Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is an immunomodulator antigen of , which allows bacterial evasion from the immune system by interfering with different types of immune responses to pathogen antigens. Immunization with SpA could potentially unmask the pathogen to the immune system, leading to the production of antibodies that can protect from a second encounter with , as it occurs in skin infection recurrences.

A monoclonal antibody targeting a large surface of the receptor binding motif shows pan-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 activity.

Here we report the characterization of 17T2, a SARS-CoV-2 pan-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody isolated from a COVID-19 convalescent individual infected during the first pandemic wave. 17T2 is a class 1 VH1-58/κ3-20 antibody, derived from a receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA memory B cell, with a broad neutralizing activity against former and new SARS-CoV-2 variants, including XBB.1.