Long COVID? Prospects for economic scarring from the pandemic.

This paper examines the potential persistent effects (scarring) of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy and the channels through which they may occur. Our findings from a broad set of historical recessions confirm that recessions are associated with persistent output losses and that the greatest scarring has occurred following financial crises. The amount of scarring following pandemic and epidemic recessions in the sample is in between that of typical recessions and financial crises.

High-Frame Rate Vector Flow Imaging of the Carotid Bifurcation in Healthy Adults: Comparison With Color Doppler Imaging.

Objectives: To evaluate the carotid bifurcation in healthy adults using a commercial system equipped with high-frame rate vector flow imaging (VFI) based on the plane wave and to compare VFI with color Doppler imaging.

Methods: Carotid bifurcation diameters and flow characteristics of 60 vessels in 60 healthy volunteers were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively to assess complex flow patterns and their extension and duration.

Results: Complex flow in the internal carotid artery (ICA) was associated with a statistically significant difference in the ΔICA sinus-to-common carotid artery (CCA) diameter ratio (the relative change in diameter between the CCA and ICA sinus.

Transrectal real-time elastography of the prostate: Normal patterns.

Introduction: Given the growing importance in clinical practice of transrectal real-time sonoelastography of the prostate, it is important to define normal patterns correlated to volume growth and reconsider the technical problems.

Materials And Methods: We selected a sample of 100 men aged 30 to 87 with prostate volumes ranging from 20 to 100 cc. Strain images were obtained using an end-fire convex probe.

Real-time tissue elastography for testicular lesion assessment.

Objectives: To assess the ability of Real-time Elastography (RTE) to differentiate malignant from benign testicular lesions.

Methods: In 88 testicles ultrasound identified 144 lesions, which were examined by RTE. Elasticity images of the lesions were assigned the colour-coded score of Itoh (Radiology 2006), according to the distribution of strain induced by light compression.

Arteritis following intra-arterial chemotherapy for liver tumors.

Primary and metastatic tumors of the liver can be treated successfully with transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE) during selective arterial catheterism. Arteritis is a possible referred side effect which can lead to tortuosity of the arteries, stenosis and occlusion of vessels. In our hospitals 117 consecutive patients were treated with TACE from January 1990 to December 1992; 61 patients were affected by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 56 were affected by metastases from colorectal carcinoma.