Evolutionary breakpoints in the gibbon suggest association between cytosine methylation and karyotype evolution.

Gibbon species have accumulated an unusually high number of chromosomal changes since diverging from the common hominoid ancestor 15-18 million years ago. The cause of this increased rate of chromosomal rearrangements is not known, nor is it known if genome architecture has a role. To address this question, we analyzed sequences spanning 57 breaks of synteny between northern white-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus l.

A satellite-like sequence, representing a "clone gap" in the human genome, was likely involved in the seeding of a novel centromere in macaque.

Although the human genome sequence is generally considered "finished", the latest assembly (NCBI Build 36.1) still presents a number of gaps. Some of them are defined as "clone gaps" because they separate neighboring contigs.

Identification of novel candidate genes associated with cleft lip and palate using array comparative genomic hybridisation.

Aim And Method: We analysed DNA samples isolated from individuals born with cleft lip and cleft palate to identify deletions and duplications of candidate gene loci using array comparative genomic hybridisation (array-CGH).

Results: Of 83 syndromic cases analysed we identified one subject with a previously unknown 2.7 Mb deletion at 22q11.

A high-resolution map of synteny disruptions in gibbon and human genomes.

Gibbons are part of the same superfamily (Hominoidea) as humans and great apes, but their karyotype has diverged faster from the common hominoid ancestor. At least 24 major chromosome rearrangements are required to convert the presumed ancestral karyotype of gibbons into that of the hominoid ancestor. Up to 28 additional rearrangements distinguish the various living species from the common gibbon ancestor.

BAC clones generated from sheared DNA.

BAC libraries generated from restriction-digested genomic DNA display representational bias and lack some sequences. To facilitate completion of genome projects, procedures have been developed to create BACs from DNA physically sheared to create fragments extending up to 200 kb. The DNA fragments were repaired to create blunt ends and ligated to a new BAC vector.