Exploring barriers and enablers of antibiotic amnesty campaigns.

This editorial highlights the different barriers and enablers of antibiotic amnesty campaigns in community pharmacies. The main enablers of antibiotic amnesties included effective counselling and successful use of promotional resources, whilst the main barriers included lack of education in patients and staff. Enabling factors such as effective counselling and use of promotional resources should be continued with patients, whilst the main barriers can be tackled with provision of sufficient education, training, and knowledge for patients.

Exploring the Baseline Knowledge and Experience of Healthcare Professionals in the United Kingdom on Novel Psychoactive Substances.

This survey aimed to explore knowledge and experience on novel psychoactive substances (NPS) of healthcare professionals (HCPs). The study also aimed to assess how HCPs would like to improve their knowledge of NPS. : Seventy paper questionnaires were disseminated in 2017 within continuing education events to pharmacists, nurses and general practitioners (GPs).

Quantification of biliary excretion and sinusoidal excretion of 5(6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (CDF) in cultured hepatocytes isolated from Sprague Dawley, Wistar and Mrp2-deficient Wistar (TR(-)) rats.

Hepatic efflux of drug candidates is an important issue in pre-clinical drug development. Here we utilise a method which quantifies and distinguishes efflux of drugs at the canalicular and sinusoidal membranes in rat hepatocyte cultures. Bi-phasic kinetics of transport of 5(6)-carboxydichlorofluorescein (CDF) at the canalicular membrane was demonstrated in Sprague Dawley (SD) and Wistar (W) rat hepatocytes.