Publications by authors named "G M Gray"
Background/objectives: Military aviators can be exposed to extreme physiological stressors, including decompression stress, G-forces, as well as intermittent hypoxia and/or hyperoxia, which may contribute to neurobiological dysfunction/damage. This study aimed to investigate the levels of neurological biomarkers in military aviators to assess the potential risk of long-term brain injury and neurodegeneration.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 48 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) aviators and 48 non-aviator CAF controls.
Article Synopsis
- Air pollution is a public health risk linked to serious health outcomes, and this study investigates how it interacts with viral exposure to influence influenza hospital visits in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
- Researchers analyzed seven years of data on daily influenza-related hospital visits, examining these in relation to various air pollutants, with additional factors considered, such as temperature and humidity.
- The findings showed that air pollution worsens the impact of viral exposure, especially in winter and among children under five, indicating a significant health risk that needs to be addressed.
Background: CD4+ T cells expressing α4β7 are optimal targets for HIV infections, with higher pre-HIV α4β7hi expression linked to increased HIV acquisition and progression in South African women. However, similar associations were not observed in men who have sex with men (MSM) or people who inject drugs (PWID) in the Americas, indicating need for further research.
Methods: This retrospective case-control study enrolled heterosexual men and women from South Africa (HIV Vaccine Trials Network; HVTN 503) and East Africa (Partners Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis/Couples' Observational Study; PP/COS), quantifying α4β7 expression on CD4+ T cells as a predictor of subsequent HIV risk using flow cytometry analyses.
Policies on Pulmonary Screening and Management of Respiratory Conditions in Military Pilots.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform
December 2024
Introduction: Military pilots are subjected to unique pulmonary demands, particularly in high performance jets. The hypobaric environment necessitates use of on-board oxygen, breathing masks, and regulators to increase oxygen pressure, affecting ventilation and breathing responses. Safety features like pilot flight equipment and strapping into an ejection seat further impact pilot pulmonary function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Paxlovid® (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) is the only licensed oral antiviral for COVID-19. Ritonavir is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes causing numerous drug-drug interactions (DDIs).
Aim: To describe the frequency, type, and severity of detected drug related problems (DRPs) associated with Paxlovid®.