Surgical Anatomy of the Ligamentous Attachments in the Superoposterior Scalp Region.

Background: Hairline-lowering surgery has become increasingly popular in recent years, but little investigation into the surgical anatomy of the scalp has been performed.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe findings based on clinical observation and anatomic study of ligamentous attachments in the superoposterior region of the scalp.

Methods: Six fresh cadaveric heads were dissected to identify connective tissue structures in the superoposterior scalp region.

Introduction of the Lip Classification of Tubercles: A Novel Approach to Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Lip Treatments.

Background: Lip enhancement procedures involving dermal fillers are one of the most sought after nonsurgical aesthetic treatments. However, current trends are associated with unnatural results and involve increased risks of complications and compromise to normal function. It appears that lips may be classified according to the presentation of their tubercles and this may be used to guide minimally invasive techniques which aim to preserve individual lip shapes and normal function.

Clinical Benefits of the Utrecht Questionnaire for Aesthetic Outcome Assessment in Rhinoplasty: An Update.

Presently, there is no consensus on which patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) instrument is best suited to assess the aesthetic outcomes of rhinoplasty. In this regard, at least seven different validated PROMs are available from the literature, each one with advantages and disadvantages.In this article, we review the development, validation, international translation, and clinical application of the Utrecht Questionnaire (UQ).

Optimization of the Soft Tissue Envelope of the Nose in Rhinoplasty Utilizing Fat Transfer Combined with Platelet-Rich Fibrin.

A thin or damaged skin soft tissue envelope may cause concerns in primary and secondary rhinoplasty. During postoperative healing, unpredictable scarring and contraction may occur and lead to significant aesthetic and trophic sequelae. Besides a meticulous surgical technique, there are no reliable techniques to prevent long-term skin damage and shrinkage.

The Impact of the Philtrum on Facial Attractiveness, Perioral Proportions, and Perceptions of Facial Aging.

Background: Lip enhancement continues to be one of the most popular facial procedures. State-of-the-art lip enhancement involves sculpting of perilabial soft tissue, in particular, the philtrum, but it is unclear how patients perceive their philtral contours.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the impact of the philtrum on attractiveness, and on the perception of facial proportions and age.