The effects of food on the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolate mofetil in healthy horses.

Additional immunomodulatory treatment is needed for the management of immune-mediated disease in horses. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunomodulatory agent used in human and veterinary medicine for the prevention of graft rejection and the management of autoimmune diseases. Few studies exist investigating the pharmacokinetics of MMF in horses.

Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of multiple-day oral dosing of mycophenolate mofetil in healthy horses.

Background: Additional efficacious immunomodulatory treatment is needed for the management of immune-mediated disease in horses. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressive drug that warrants assessment as a viable therapeutic agent for horses.

Hypothesis/objectives: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of multiple-day oral dosing of MMF in healthy horses and to determine the tolerability of this dosing regimen.

Noncompartmental pharmacokinetics of three intravenous mycophenolate mofetil concentrations in healthy Standardbred mares.

Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is the prodrug of mycophenolic acid (MPA) which acts as an immunosuppressive agent. During the biotransformation of MMF to MPA, additional metabolites including MPA phenol glucuronide (MPAG), MPA acyl glucuronide (AcMPAG) and MPA phenol glucoside (MPG) are formed.

Objective: To define the noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of three single doses of intravenous (i.

Is low-level laser therapy useful as an adjunctive treatment for canine acral lick dermatitis? A randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study.

Background: Conventional therapy for canine acral lick dermatitis (ALD) consists of systemic antibiotics and anti-anxiety medications. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a noninvasive therapy used to treat inflammatory and painful conditions.

Hypothesis/objectives: The primary objective was to determine whether LLLT with conventional therapy would be beneficial as an adjunct treatment for ALD.

Why Follow-up Examinations After Left Atrial Appendage Closure Are Important: Detection of Complications During Follow-up and How to Deal with Them.

Purpose Of Review: Device-related thrombus (DRT) formation and incomplete left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) are the two major complications that can occur after LAAC and can potentially limit the success of such a procedure. This review discusses the incidence, clinical and/or prognostic significance, detection methods, treatment options, and potential strategies to prevent these complications.

Recent Findings: It has recently been proven that the presence of a DRT represents an independent predictor for ischemic stroke after LAAC.