Publications by authors named "G Lashermes"
Article Synopsis
- Crop residues contribute carbon and nitrogen to soils, significantly influencing nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, but current methods solely focus on N inputs without accounting for residue characteristics.
- Different types of crop residues, especially immature ones, have varying effects on N₂O emissions due to their biochemical qualities, highlighting the need to differentiate between mature and immature residues in emission assessments.
- To improve N₂O emission accounting, further research is required to establish emission factors for different residue types, understand emissions from belowground residues, enhance data on residue management, and evaluate the long-term impacts of residue addition on soil N₂O emissions.
There is currently an intense debate about the potential for additional organic carbon storage in soil, the strategies by which it may be accomplished and what the actual benefits might be for agriculture and the climate. Controversy forms an essential part of the scientific process, but on the topic of soil carbon storage, it may confuse the agricultural community and the general public and may delay actions to fight climate change. In an attempt to shed light on this topic, the originality of this article lies in its intention to provide a balanced description of contradictory scientific opinions on soil carbon storage and to examine how the scientific community can support decision-making despite the controversy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrop residues may serve as a significant source of soil emissions of NO and other trace gases. According to the emission factors (EFs) set by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), NO emission is proportional to the amount of N added by residues to the soil. However, the effects of crop residues on the source and sink strength of agroecosystems for trace gases are regulated by their properties, such as the C and N content; C/N ratio; lignin, cellulose, and soluble fractions; and residue humidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study highlights how nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from crop residue decomposition can negate the advantages of recycling those residues in agriculture.
- Researchers tested various crop residues under controlled conditions, finding that their chemical composition significantly affected NO emission levels.
- The findings suggest that higher nitrogen content in soluble components from fresh residues, like mustard and sugar beet, leads to greater NO emissions, indicating that understanding residue quality is crucial for predicting environmental impacts.
Article Synopsis
- Dew retting is a process that uses microbes to break down the tissues around cellulose fibers in crops like hemp and flax, preserving fiber quality for industrial use.
- The current methods for this process are not standardized and poorly understood, leading to challenges in fiber valorization.
- A new multiscale model was created to simulate microbial growth during retting, demonstrating its effectiveness in accurately predicting the mass loss of key plant polymers based on temperature and moisture conditions.