Bionomics and distribution of malaria vectors in Kisumu city, Western Kenya: implications for urban malaria transmission.

Background: Increasing unplanned urbanization in tropical Africa may create new niches for malaria vectors, raising transmission risk, yet control efforts focus on rural ecosystems. Understanding mosquito diversity, ecology and biting behaviour in urban areas is crucial for effective control. This study assessed Anopheles diversity, abundance, behaviour, and Plasmodium infection rates in Kisumu city, Kenya.

Assessing Microsatellite Variations in Plasmodium falciparum Following a Decade-Long Antimalaria Campaign in Kenya.

Anti-malaria interventions typically reduce the intensity of Plasmodium transmission, but the effects of reduced transmission on P. falciparum population biology remain unclear. Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers in P.

New insights of polyacrylamide on volatile fatty acid accumulation: Sludge crushing mechanism and microbial community function.

To investigate the impact of polyacrylamide (PAM) on hydrolysis, acidification, and microbial properties during anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS), the fermentation system was supplemented with four different concentrations of PAM. Results showed that PAM inhibited WAS cell disruption, which reduced volatile fatty acid (VFA) production but increased the proportions of propionic acid. The addition of PAM reduced protease and α-glucosidase activities by 41.

Comparison of camrelizumab, pembrolizumab, tislelizumab, and sintilimab as first-line treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly altered the first-line treatment paradigm for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without driver gene alterations. The efficacy and safety of different programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in the treatment of advanced NSCLC in Chinese real-world clinical practice remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab, pembrolizumab, tislelizumab, and sintilimab retrospectively as first-line treatment options for advanced NSCLC in Chinese real-world applications.

Expanding the Dimensions of Single-Cell Multi-Omics To Include Mitochondrial DNA through Fixation and Permeabilization.

Single-cell multi-omics has transformed our understanding of cellular heterogeneity, yet incorporating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) remains challenging. Recent studies underscore the critical role of fixation and permeabilization techniques in preserving sample integrity, optimizing Tn5 tagmentation, and retaining mtDNA. In this Perspective, we review the chemical principles underlying fixation and permeabilization methods and highlight new single-cell multiomics technologies leveraging these approaches.