Blood Transfusions for Chronic Malaria Anemia in Prisoners of War on the Thai-Burma Railway 1943-1945.

Allied prisoners of war (POWs) working on the Imperial Japanese Army's railroad from Thailand to Burma during 1943-1945 devised a blood transfusion service to rescue severely ill fellow prisoners who were otherwise unlikely to survive the war. Extant transfusion records (1,251 recipients, 1,189 donors) in ledger books held by the United Kingdom National Archives at Kew were accessed and analyzed. Survival to the end of the war in 1945 was determined from Commonwealth War Graves Commission records.

Splenic Modulation of Plasmodium vivax Relapses and Hypnozoite Activation during the Second World War?

Despite their colonial experience with tropical medicine, Allied (United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and India) Armies in the Indo-Pacific region were surprised by the large number of Plasmodium vivax infections in their soldiers during the Second World War. Even after the institution of effective chemoprophylaxis with quinacrine, multiple cycles of clinical relapses often occurred when months of medication was discontinued. Nearly monthly symptomatic relapses (>10) were not unusual and resulted in important manpower losses after each campaign.

Scrub Typhus Outbreak among Soldiers in Coastal Training Area, Australia, 2022.

A scrub typhus outbreak occurred among 24 soldiers from 2 Australian Defence Force infantry units following separate training events conducted in the same coastal location in tropical North Queensland, Australia, in June 2022. Seven soldiers visited a hospital, 5 requiring admission. Outbreak recognition was hampered by the geographic dispersion of soldiers after the exercise and delayed case identification resulting from such factors as prolonged incubation, cross-reactive serologic responses to other pathogens, the nonspecific symptoms of scrub typhus, and the illness's nonnotifiable status in the state of Queensland.

Carbapenem-Resistant Infections in Neonates and Children in Latin America: A Literature Review.

Carbapenems are broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics that are increasingly being used worldwide to treat multidrug-resistant infections, but since their introduction, carbapenem resistance has emerged. This phenomenon has been well documented in the adult population, but there is a paucity of evidence from the neonatal and pediatric populations. A literature search of carbapenem-resistant infections in Latin American neonates and children was conducted via PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS: 551 titles were screened, and 17 articles were included in the review.