Faecal metaproteomics analysis reveals a high cardiovascular risk profile across healthy individuals and heart failure patients.

The gut microbiota is a crucial link between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Using fecal metaproteomics, a method that concurrently captures human gut and microbiome proteins, we determined the crosstalk between gut microbiome, diet, gut health, and CVD. Traditional CVD risk factors (age, BMI, sex, blood pressure) explained < 10% of the proteome variance.

Inheritance of Cry2Ab2 resistance in two Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations resistant to single- and dual-Bacillus thuringiensis proteins.

Cry2Ab2 is a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein that has been pyramided with Cry1A.105 in transgenic maize and Cry1Ac in cotton to control some major lepidopteran pests including the corn earworm/bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). However, the widespread occurrence of resistance of this pest to the pyramided Cry1A/Cry2A crops in the southern region of the United State has become a threat to the sustainability of the technology.

Incipient resistance of the African maize stemborer, Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Cry2Ab2 maize in South Africa.

Background: Resistance of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Cry1Ab was documented in 2006, 7 years after the first cultivation of MON 810 in South Africa. This was mitigated by introducing a second-generation Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize (MON 89034), which contains the Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 proteins.

Simulated herbicide mixtures delay both specialist monogenic and generalist polygenic resistance evolution in weeds.

Background: Evolution of herbicide-resistant weed populations is a major challenge to world food production. Using different herbicides in rotation and/or using different herbicides together as mixtures are strategies that may delay the selection of resistance. This study used simulation modelling to investigate whether mixtures and rotations can delay the selection of both generalist polygenic and specialist monogenic herbicide resistance, and whether these strategies are more likely to lead to the selection of generalist resistance in weed types with varying biological characteristics.