The pars interna/media anatomy and histology in the human larynx.

The pars interna/media (PIM) is a small muscle found in the human larynx that has not been successfully described in contemporary literature on laryngeal structure. The objective of this study was to describe the PIM's anatomy in detail. Thirteen human larynges obtained from postmortem examination were cleaned and preserved.

Effects of chronic ozone (O3) exposure on vocal-fold mucosa in bonnet monkeys.

Effects of ambient ozone (O3) on the respiratory tract have been frequently reported. However, little is known regarding possible effects of chronic exposure to O3 on the larynx or on vocal-fold mucosa. In this study, six bonnet monkeys were exposed to 1 ppm O3 8 h per day, 5 days per week, for 3 months.

Can histological assessment predict the outcome in interstitial cystitis?

In a retrospective study we compared the outcome of 39 patients with interstitial cystitis to the histological findings at initial diagnostic bladder biopsy. The degree of inflammation and fibrosis and the mast cell counts were assessed on each biopsy. The prognostic relevance of the clinical features of age, duration of symptoms, frequency, nocturia, pain and bladder capacity was assessed.

Recurrent interstitial cystitis following cystoplasty: fact or fiction?

The severity of symptoms in interstitial cystitis may necessitate surgical treatment in approximately 10% of the patients. Substitution cystoplasty provides satisfactory results in most of these cases, while avoiding the need for urinary diversion. It has been suggested that interstitial cystitis may affect the bowel segment used in this form of operation.

Effects of stripping and laser excision on vocal fold mucosa in cats.

We compared the effects of stripping and laser excision on vocal fold mucosa in cats. Of particular interest were the comparative effects of each procedure on the mucosa's sensory structures. Mucosa was stripped from one vocal fold in three cats, lased in three additional cats, and histologically examined at 1-, 2-, and 3-week intervals postoperatively.