Extended Superior Pedicle Autoaugmentation (ESPA) Mastopexy: A Review of 20 Consecutive Patients.

Background: Ptotic breast deformity arises from decreased breast tissue volume and skin laxity, causing descent of breast tissue due to gravity. Mastopexy lifts and reshapes the breast and can be potentially associated with breast implants in case of need of volume increase. However, this option is not accepted by all the patients.

Invited Discussion on "Three-Dimensional Volumetric Analysis of the Effect of Interval Time in Autologous Fat Graft Breast Augmentation" by Yan Lin, MA; Dali Mu, MD; Xiaoyu Zhang, MA; Haoran Li, MA; Yu Yao, BA.

Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://www.springer.