Neonates living with enterostomy following necrotising enterocolitis are at high risk of becoming severely underweight.

Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is often managed with a temporary enterostomy. Neonates with enterostomy are at risk of growth retardation during critical neurodevelopment. We examined their growth using z-score.

Diagnosis and management of children with Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome: A multi-center case series.

Background: Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare, severe, sporadically occurring disorder characterized by multiple venous malformations.

Aims: To present and analyze a case series of pediatric patients with BRBNS and to describe diagnostic approaches and management options applied.

Patients And Methods: Multicenter, retrospective study, evaluating the diagnosis and management of children with BRBNS.

Swim drink study: a randomised controlled trial of during-exercise rehydration and swimming performance.

Objective: To determine whether during-exercise rehydration improves swimming performance and whether sports drink or water have differential effects on performance.

Design: Randomised controlled multiple crossover trial.

Setting: A UK competitive swimming club.

Age-associated modifications of intestinal permeability and innate immunity in human small intestine.

The physical and immunological properties of the human intestinal epithelial barrier in aging are largely unknown. Ileal biopsies from young (7-12 years), adult (20-40 years) and aging (67-77 years) individuals not showing symptoms of gastrointestinal (GI) pathologies were used to assess levels of inflammatory cytokines, barrier integrity and cytokine production in response to microbial challenges. Increased expression of interleukin (IL)-6, but not interferon (IFN)γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-1β was observed during aging; further analysis showed that cluster of differentiation (CD)11c(+) dendritic cells (DCs) are one of the major sources of IL-6 in the aging gut and expressed higher levels of CD40.

Weight gain with pizotifen therapy.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of weight gain occurring in children treated for migranous conditions with pizotifen

Design: Retrospective case note review

Setting: West Suffolk Hospital between 1999 and 2003 PATIENTS: 405 clinic attendances of 121 children receiving pizotifen treatment

Main Outcome Measures: Rates of change in weight for age z score between successive outpatient appointments were used to detect excessive weight gain.

Results: The mean rate of weight z score increase for 105 patients receiving a constant dosage in 181 intervals between appointments was 0.79 standard deviations per year compared with 0.