Global loss of promoter-enhancer connectivity and rebalancing of gene expression during early colorectal cancer carcinogenesis.

Although three-dimensional (3D) genome architecture is crucial for gene regulation, its role in disease remains elusive. We traced the evolution and malignant transformation of colorectal cancer (CRC) by generating high-resolution chromatin conformation maps of 33 colon samples spanning different stages of early neoplastic growth in persons with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Our analysis revealed a substantial progressive loss of genome-wide cis-regulatory connectivity at early malignancy stages, correlating with nonlinear gene regulation effects.

Charge Distribution across Capped and Uncapped Infinite-Layer Neodymium Nickelate Thin Films.

Charge ordering (CO) phenomena have been widely debated in strongly-correlated electron systems mainly regarding their role in high-temperature superconductivity. Here, the structural and charge distribution in NdNiO thin films prepared with and without capping layers, and characterized by the absence and presence of CO are elucidated. The microstructural and spectroscopic analysis is done by scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) and hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES).

Novel gas exposure system for the controlled exposure of plants to gaseous hydrogen fluoride.

Plants can serve as sensitive bioindicators of the presence of contaminant vapors in the atmosphere. This work describes a novel laboratory-based gas exposure system capable of calibrating plants as bioindicators for the detection and delineation of the atmospheric contaminant hydrogen fluoride (HF) as a preparatory step for monitoring release emissions. To evaluate changes in plant phenotype and stress-induced physiological effects attributed to HF alone, the gas exposure chamber must have additional controls to simulate otherwise optimal plant growth conditions including variables such as light intensity, photoperiod, temperature, and irrigation.

Quarantine and serial testing for variants of SARS-CoV-2 with benefits of vaccination and boosting on consequent control of COVID-19.

Quarantine and serial testing strategies for a disease depend principally on its incubation period and infectiousness profile. In the context of COVID-19, these primary public health tools must be modulated with successive SARS CoV-2 variants of concern that dominate transmission. Our analysis shows that (1) vaccination status of an individual makes little difference to the determination of the appropriate quarantine duration of an infected case, whereas vaccination coverage of the population can have a substantial effect on this duration, (2) successive variants can challenge disease control efforts by their earlier and increased transmission in the disease time course relative to prior variants, and (3) sufficient vaccine boosting of a population substantially aids the suppression of local transmission through frequent serial testing.

An Oxygen Vacancy Memristor Ruled by Electron Correlations.

Resistive switching effects offer new opportunities in the field of conventional memories as well as in the booming area of neuromorphic computing. Here the authors demonstrate memristive switching effects produced by a redox-driven oxygen exchange in tunnel junctions based on NdNiO , a strongly correlated electron system characterized by the presence of a metal-to-insulator transition (MIT). Strikingly, a strong interplay exists between the MIT and the redox mechanism, which on the one hand modifies the MIT itself, and on the other hand radically affects the tunnel resistance switching and the resistance states' lifetime.