Comparison of Commonly Carried Liquids Against Commercial Ultrasound Gel for Use in the Backcountry Setting.

Introduction: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is utilized in austere environments because it is lightweight, durable, battery powered, and portable. In austere settings, weight and space constraints are limitations to carrying dedicated ultrasound gel. Few studies have assessed commonly carried liquids as gel alternatives.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy increases prefrontal cortex gray matter in patients with chronic pain.

Unlabelled: Several studies have reported reduced cerebral gray matter (GM) volume or density in chronic pain conditions, but there is limited research on the plasticity of the human cortex in response to psychological interventions. We investigated GM changes after cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in patients with chronic pain. We used voxel-based morphometry to compare anatomic magnetic resonance imaging scans of 13 patients with mixed chronic pain types before and after an 11-week CBT treatment and to 13 healthy control participants.

Predictive relationships between chronic pain and negative emotions: a 4-month daily process study using Therapeutic Interactive Voice Response (TIVR).

This article examines temporal relationships between negative emotions and pain in a cohort of 33 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain enrolled in a telephone-based relapse prevention program (Therapeutic Interactive Voice Response [TIVR]), after 11 weeks of group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Patients were asked to make daily reports to the TIVR system for 4 months after CBT. Patients' daily reports were analyzed with path analysis to examine temporal relationships between 3 emotion variables (anger, sadness, and stress) and 2 pain variables (pain and pain control).

Early history of IBRO: the birth of organized neuroscience.

To celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of the founding of the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO), a symposium was organized for the III Congress of the World Federation of Neuroscientists in Montreal to present, on 7 August 1991, the recollections of some of the early participants in IBRO's history and to place it in the context of other significant world organizations. Edited and slightly condensed transcripts of the talks together with the discussions are presented. L.

Putative cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus projecting to the superior colliculus consist of sensory responsive and unresponsive populations which are functionally distinct from other mesopontine neurons.

We examined the sensory properties of putative cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus projecting to the superior colliculus. Projection neurons were identified by antidromic activation from the contralateral posterior superior colliculus; stimulation of the anterior half was essentially ineffective. Identified neurons fell into two groups, one with a somatosensory input (39%) and one without a sensory input.