The pulp is a unique tissue within each tooth that is susceptible to painful inflammation, known as pulpitis, triggered by microbial invasion from carious lesions or trauma that affect many individuals. The host response involves complex immunological processes for pathogen defense and dentin apposition at the site of infection. The interplay of signaling between the immune and non-immune cells via cytokines, chemokines, neuropeptides, proteases, and reactive nitrogen and oxygen species leads to tissue reactions and structural changes in the pulp that escalate beyond a certain threshold to irreversible tissue damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To identify if supplemental preoperative cone beam CT (CBCT) imaging could improve outcomes related to endodontic access cavity preparation, using 3D-printed maxillary first molars (M1Ms) in a rigorously simulated, controlled human analogue study.
Methods: Eighteen operators with 3 experience-levels took part in 2 simulated clinical sessions, 1 with and 1 without the availability of CBCT imaging, in a randomized order and with an intervening 8-week washout period. Operators attempted the location of all 4 root canals in each of 3 custom-made M1Ms (2 non-complex and 1 complex mesiobuccal [MB] canal anatomy).
Purpose: Part 2 of this German S3 clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the process of manufacturing composite restorations. It covers key aspects like caries removal, field isolation, matrix and adhesive techniques, as well as light curing and polishing. The outcomes of interest include survival rates and restoration quality.
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