Publications by authors named "G Koopman"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how SARS-CoV-2 affects different parts of the body and explores whether the virus itself or the immune response causes these effects.
- Using a PET imaging technique with specific nanobodies, researchers track the distribution of immune cells and virus-infected cells in macaques during an experimental infection by scanning them at various intervals.
- The findings reveal that the nanobodies effectively report on immune responses, showing where virus-related lesions occur and how immune cells are recruited in response to the infection, providing a new way to monitor immune activity in living organisms.
Despite effective antiretroviral therapies, 20-30% of persons with treated HIV infection develop a neurodegenerative syndrome termed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). HAND is driven by HIV expression coupled with inflammation in the brain but the mechanisms underlying neuronal damage and death are uncertain. The inflammasome-pyroptosis axis coordinates an inflammatory type of regulated lytic cell death that is underpinned by the caspase-activated pore-forming gasdermin proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe first exposure to influenza is presumed to shape the B-cell antibody repertoire, leading to preferential enhancement of the initially formed responses during subsequent exposure to viral variants. Here, we investigated whether this principle remains applicable when there are large genetic and antigenic differences between primary and secondary influenza virus antigens. Because humans usually have a complex history of influenza virus exposure, we conducted this investigation in influenza-naive cynomolgus macaques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza virosomes serve as antigen delivery vehicles and pre-existing immunity toward influenza improves the immune responses toward antigens. Here, vaccine efficacy was evaluated in non-human primates with a COVID-19 virosome-based vaccine containing a low dose of RBD protein (15 µg) and the adjuvant 3M-052 (1 µg), displayed together on virosomes. Vaccinated animals (n = 6) received two intramuscular administrations at week 0 and 4 and challenged with SARS-CoV-2 at week 8, together with unvaccinated control animals (n = 4).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Several studies highlight that the initial exposure to the influenza virus significantly influences the body's immune response to subsequent infections or vaccines.
- Research on the antibody response immediately following primary influenza infection is limited, especially in humans, prompting a study using H1N1-infected macaques to analyze specific antibody responses.
- The findings indicate that HA-stem antibodies are produced early but decrease rapidly, while HA-head antibodies are generated later and have a stronger tendency to mature and improve their effectiveness over time.