Evaluation of Cyclin D1 expression by western blotting methods and immunohistochemistry in breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Considering that cyclin D1 had a prognostic and clinical value for breast cancer patients, adequate measurement of cyclin D1 is necessary.

Methods: In this investigation, we detect cyclin D1 expression in tumour and peritumoral tissue of breast cancer patients by Western blotting method and by immunohistochemistry.

Results: Cyclin D1 expression decreased significantly with each advanced clinical stage of disease and tumour size.

Interleukin-4-induced natural killer cell antitumor activity in metastatic melanoma patients.

NK cells are important effectors of innate immunity that mount the first line of defense toward tumor growth. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) has recently been shown to regulate NK cell function, although its role in the regulation of NK cell function in cancer patients has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IL-4 on the function and the receptor characteristics of CD16-defined NK cells and their cytotoxic CD16bright and regulatory CD16dim subsets.

Effect of cytokines on NK cell activity and activating receptor expression in high-risk cutaneous melanoma patients.

Objective: Stage II melanoma patients have high risk for regional and distant metastases and may benefit from novel therapeutic strategies. To clarify the role of NK cells in Stage II melanoma, we characterized the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and the expression of various activating and inhibitory receptors in high-risk cutaneous melanoma patients (Stages IIB and IIC) compared to low-risk patients (Stage IA).

Materials And Methods: Native and cytokine-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for functional and phenotypical analyses.

The role of cytokines in the regulation of NK cells in the tumor environment.

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that are important effectors in the first line of defense toward transformed cells. This is mediated both by direct cytotoxic mechanisms and by production of immunoregulatory cytokines. Recent evidence has shown that NK cells also display memory, similar to the cells of the adaptive immune system.

pSTAT3 expression associated with survival and mammographic density of breast cancer patients.

Background: Constitutive activation of STAT3 have been shown in several tumor types including breast cancer. We investigate STAT3 expresion as possible molecular marker for breast cancer early detection, as well as prognostic factor for determination of tumor agressiveness.

Methods: In this study we measure p(Y705)STAT3 expression in tumor and adjacent tissue of breast cancer patients by Western blot.