Gemcitabine and radiotherapy in the treatment of brain metastases from transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a case report.

Hematogenous metastases occur in over 50% of muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the bladder. Despite treatment (mostly surgery and radiotherapy), patients with brain metastases have an especially poor prognosis (median survival 2-5 months), making palliative treatment an important consideration. We followed a 60-year-old man with multiple brain metastases who was ultimately treated with gemcitabine chemotherapy.

[Prepontine epidural hemorrhage].

Extradural haematomas of the clivus represent a rare event and occur almost only in infancy. The case of a haematoma promptly operated upon via a transdural cerebellopontine angle approach is described for the first time. The mechanism of injury is discussed.

Ictal and interictal ECD-SPECT for focus localization in epilepsy.

Forty-one ECD (Technetium-99m-ethyl cysteinate dimer) SPECT investigations were undertaken in the course of a presurgical diagnostic work-up in 23 patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. In 21 patients, both an ictal and interictal SPECT were conducted. In the patients receiving ictal SPECT the tracer was injected between 7 and 30 s after the seizure onset.

Power Doppler--a new tool for transcranial duplex assessment of intracranial vasculature.

The present study was undertaken to assess the clinical use of power Doppler (PD) as a new tool for transcranial vessel imaging. Power Doppler displays the integrated power of the Doppler signal instead of the Doppler frequency shift used in the conventional color flow Doppler (CFD) technique. Twenty-one patients were evaluated who had intracranial malformations or arterial stenoses [4 middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenoses, 2 intracranial carotid stenoses, 7 arteriovenous malformations (AVM), 5 intracranial carotid aneurysms, 3 Moya-Moya syndromes].