The Growing Socioeconomic Gap in Lifetime Social Security Retirement Benefits: Current and Future Retirees.

Objectives: Increasing socioeconomic disparities, including in life expectancy, have important implications for the U.S. Social Security program.

How does the image of the scientist appear in short animation films?

This is a study on the way science and scientists are represented in short films on science and technology featured in Anima Mundi Festival (1993-2013), considering symbolic elements that contribute to the image of science. Amongst 405 films on science and technology, 102 were selected for analysis. Brazilian productions predominated (91), as did films featuring genetics, biotechnology, and astronomy.

The yield of full BRCA1/2 genotyping in Israeli Arab high-risk breast/ovarian cancer patients.

Purpose: While the spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1/2 genes in the Israeli Jewish population has been extensively studied, there is a paucity of data pertaining to Israeli Arab high-risk cases.

Methods: Consecutive Israeli Arab breast and/or ovarian cancer patients were recruited using an ethically approved protocol from January 2012 to February 2019. All ovarian cancer cases were referred for BRCA genotyping.

Longevity-Related Options for Social Security: a Microsimulation Approach to Retirement Age and Mortality Adjustments.

We consider the distributional implications of Social Security policy changes in the context of increases in life expectancy and differential mortality. Using a robust microsimulation model, we examine how several options for raising the retirement age, including a scenario that applies a mortality adjustment in combination with such policies, affect different types of individuals and households. Policy changes are simulated for Social Security beneficiaries in 2030 using the Modeling Income in the Near Term (MINT) microsimulation model.

The Distributional Impact of Social Security Policy Options.

Using microsimulation, we estimate the effects of three policy proposals that would alter Social Security's eligibility rules or benefit structure to reflect changes in women's labor force activity, marital patterns, and differential mortality among the aged. First, we estimate a set of options related to the duration of marriage required to receive divorced spouse and survivor benefits. Second, we estimate the effects of an earnings sharing proposal with survivor benefits, in which benefits are based entirely on earned benefits with spouses sharing their earnings during years of marriage.