Pembrolizumab with or without bevacizumab in platinum-resistant recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is overexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and suppresses the anti-tumour immune response. Previous studies have shown that adding anti-VEGF treatment to PD-1 inhibition treatment strategies improves tumour response. We aimed to compare the efficacy of pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, with or without bevacizumab, a VEGF inhibitor, in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Genetic Risk Factors for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is the most common cause of liver disease, and its burden on health systems worldwide continues to rise at an alarming rate. MASLD is a complex disease in which the interactions between susceptible genes and the environment influence the disease phenotype and severity. Advances in human genetics over the past few decades have provided new opportunities to improve our understanding of the multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of MASLD.

The Glutamate-Serine-Glycine Index as a Biomarker to Monitor the Effects of Bariatric Surgery on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Objective: Bariatric surgery effectively treats non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The glutamate-serine-glycine (GSG) index has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic marker for NAFLD, but its ability to monitor treatment response remains unclear. This study investigates the GSG index's ability to monitor NAFLD's response to bariatric surgery.

Impact of antibiotic duration and type on short- and long-term outcomes in very-low-birthweight infants.

Aim: To determine the association between the duration and types of antibiotic exposure and the occurrence of short- and long-term outcomes among preterm, very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of VLBW infants born <32 weeks gestation between January 2017-December 2021. Association between antibiotic exposure and the occurrence of death and/or major morbidities, and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18-24 months corrected age, was evaluated.