Combination Therapies with an Oral Appliance in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Combination therapy (CT) with a mandibular advancement device (MAD) and positive airway pressure (PAP) has been advocated for patients for whom neither MAD nor PAP alone provides an efficacious and tolerated therapy. This article reviews the small and limited, but growing body of evidence in support of CT and highlights details in its implementation. In most studies, CT was found to be preferred by many, but not all PAP-intolerant patients.

Differences in temporal profile of brain responses by pleasantness of somatosensory stimulation in autistic individuals.

. Autistic individuals may show either or responsiveness to touch compared to non-autistic individuals. These behavioural responses depend on perceptual and evaluative mechanisms, which unfold sequentially and thus can be distinguished by exploring the timing of neural responses.

Tactile motion lacks momentum.

The displacement of the final position of a moving object in the direction of the observed motion path, i.e. an overestimation, is known as representational momentum.

Initially intact neural responses to pain in autism are diminished during sustained pain.

Pain assessments typically depend on self-report of the pain experience. Yet, in individuals with autism spectrum disorders, this can be an unreliable due to communication difficulties. Importantly, observations of behavioral hypo- and hyperresponsivity to pain suggest altered pain sensitivity in autism spectrum disorder.

Auto-adjusting mandibular repositioning device for in-home use.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a form of respiratory dysfunction that affects 20% of adults in the world. Among the first-line treatments that are used to mitigate the effects of OSA are continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and mandibular repositioning devices (MRD). Although CPAP provides a more efficacious therapy than MRDs, recent studies suggest that both are comparable in overall effectiveness due to greater patient preference and adherence to MRD therapy.