RAD51 testing in patients with early HER2-negative breast cancer and homologous recombination deficiency: post-hoc analysis of the GeparOla trial.

Purpose: The randomized GeparOla trial reported comparable pathological complete response (pCR) rates with neoadjuvant containing olaparib vs. carboplatin treatment. Here, we evaluate the association between functional homologous repair deficiency (HRD) by RAD51 foci and pCR, and the potential of improving patient selection by combining RAD51 and stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs).

Emergent collective behavior evolves more rapidly than individual behavior among acorn ant species.

Emergence is a fundamental concept in biology and other disciplines, but whether emergent phenotypes evolve similarly to nonemergent phenotypes is unclear. The hypothesized process of emergent evolution posits that evolutionary change in at least some collective behaviors will differ from evolutionary change in the corresponding intrinsic behaviors of isolated individuals. As a result, collective behavior might evolve more rapidly and diversify more between populations compared to individual behavior.

Synchronized locomotion can improve spatial accessibility inside ant colonies.

Synchronization is a conspicuous form of collective behaviour that is of crucial importance in numerous biological systems. Ant colonies from the genera and form small colonies, typically made up of only a few hundred workers, and exhibit a form of synchronized behaviour where workers inside colonies' nests become active together in rhythmic cycles that have a period of approximately 20-200 min. However, it is not currently known if these synchronized rhythms of locomotion confer any functional benefit to colonies.

Is collective nest site selection in ants influenced by the anchoring effect?

Evolutionary theory predicts that animals make decisions that maximize fitness. If so, they are expected to adhere to principles of rational choice, which a decision-maker must follow to reliably maximize net benefit. For example, evaluation of an option should not be influenced by the quality of other unchosen options.

Noise resistant synchronization and collective rhythm switching in a model of animal group locomotion.

Biology is suffused with rhythmic behaviour, and interacting biological oscillators often synchronize their rhythms with one another. Colonies of some ant species are able to synchronize their activity to fall into coherent bursts, but models of this phenomenon have neglected the potential effects of intrinsic noise and interspecific differences in individual-level behaviour. We investigated the individual and collective activity patterns of two ant species.