Breastfeeding Outcomes and Associated Risks in HIV-Infected and HIV-Exposed Infants: A Systematic Review.

To critically appraise recent literature regarding breastfeeding outcomes and associated risks in HIV-infected (HI) and HIV-exposed (HE) infants, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement guidelines. Five electronic databases were systematically searched to obtain English publications from the last 10 years (2010-2020), pertaining to breastfeeding outcomes and associated risks of HI and HE infants and children. Gray literature sources were also included.

Towards hospital standardization in Europe.

Quality Problem: There is no simple tool to assess compliance with common national and European directives, guidance and professional advice on the management of healthcare institutions. Despite evidence of unacceptable variations in the protection of patient and staff safety little attention has been given to harmonizing the way services are organized and managed.

Initial Assessment: Existing systems which define organizational standards, or assess compliance with them, are not in a position to extend this activity into or across national borders in Europe.

[Perineal nodular induration].

A 33-year-old man visited the outpatient department of the authors of this article with a large perineal mass. The patient was an active amateur racing cyclist. At physical examination the swelling resembled an accessory scrotum.