Spontaneous lesions in endocrine glands of experimental Wistar rats and beagle dogs.

A retrospective analysis was undertaken at Zydus Research Centre to understand the incidences of spontaneous lesions in endocrine glands of Wistar rats and beagle dogs. The data from a total of 841 Wistar rats (418 males and 423 females) and 144 beagle dogs (72 males and 72 females) was used from placebo/vehicle treated control group of different non-clinical toxicity studies. The lesions in various endocrine glands were classified according to the species and age of the animals at termination of study.

Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast-a rare neoplasm with transitional cell differentiation: an exceptional feature.

Metaplastic carcinomas of the breast are malignant breast neoplasms composed of a mixture of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements. The rarity of this tumor is exemplified by the fact that it accounts for only about 0.2% of all breast carcinomas.

Extrarenal calyces: a rare anomaly of the renal collecting system.

The abnormalities of the renal collecting system represent a complex and often confusing subset of urological anomalies. They manifest in many ways and often make preoperative diagnosis difficult. Extrarenal calyces (wherein the calyces and renal pelvis lie outside the renal parenchyma) is one of the rare anomaly of the collecting system.