Atom-efficient chlorinative dearomatization of naphthol, quinolinol, and isoquinolinol derivatives using trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA).

A variety of dearomatized compounds have been prepared in moderate to excellent yields from planar scaffolds using trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) as an atom-economical chlorinating agent. The method tolerates a broad range of functionalities and can take place in several green and/or sustainable solvents. Twenty-one examples of 1,1-dichlorinated products of dearomatized 2-naphthols and analogous heteroarenes (quinolinols, isoquinolinols, and quinazolinol) are reported along with five examples of monochlorinated dearomatized products.

Effects of drought and recovery on soil volatile organic compound fluxes in an experimental rainforest.

Drought can affect the capacity of soils to emit and consume biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Here we show the impact of prolonged drought followed by rewetting and recovery on soil VOC fluxes in an experimental rainforest. Under wet conditions the rainforest soil acts as a net VOC sink, in particular for isoprenoids, carbonyls and alcohols.

Leaf-level metabolic changes in response to drought affect daytime CO2 emission and isoprenoid synthesis pathways.

In the near future, climate change will cause enhanced frequency and/or severity of droughts in terrestrial ecosystems, including tropical forests. Drought responses by tropical trees may affect their carbon use, including production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with implications for carbon cycling and atmospheric chemistry that are challenging to predict. It remains unclear how metabolic adjustments by mature tropical trees in response to drought will affect their carbon fluxes associated with daytime CO2 production and VOC emission.

Trends in the Source of Prescription Drugs for Misuse between 2015 and 2019.

: Opioid and benzodiazepine-related deaths have been at all-time highs despite numerous changes to guidelines for prescribing these substances. Although prescribing guidelines appear to have resulted in fewer prescriptions from doctors, no recent study has looked at changes to where prescription drugs of misuse are obtained. : The purpose of this study was to examine trends in the source of prescription drug misuse between 2015 and 2019.