Müllerian and mesothelial lymph node involvement in patients with borderline ovarian tumors.

Objective: To determine the true incidence of Müllerian and mesothelial lymph node involvement in serous and mucinous borderline ovarian tumors (BLOT) with serial sectioning and immunohistochemistry.

Study Design: Formalinfixed, paraffin-embedded lymph node blocks from patients with serous (N = 21) and mucinous (N = 5) BLOT who underwent lymphadenectomy between 1995 and 2002 were serially sectioned at 5 microm levels with 3 consecutive sections taken at surface, 125 microm and 475 microm. One slide from each level was stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H-E), cytokeratin (AE1-AE3, DAKO) and calretinin (DAKO).

Smoking increases the risk of high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with oncogenic human papillomavirus.

Objectives: In a large retrospective study, the association of smoking with human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) grade was analyzed.

Methods: A SNOMED search was performed for vaginal biopsy or resection specimens diagnosed as VAIN over an 11-year period. The diagnosis of VAIN grade was confirmed by histological review.

Laparoscopic surgery in endometriosis.

Endometriosis (the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterine cavity) is a common gynecologic problem affecting 10% of women in the general population, 40% of women with infertility and 60% of women with chronic pelvic pain. Laparoscopy has revolutionized management of women with endometriosis. Diagnosis of endometriosis depends on visualization of endometriotic lesions and histologic confirmation.

Laparoscopic surgery for large benign ovarian cysts.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and surgical outcome of laparoscopic surgery among women with large benign ovarian cysts.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study applying laparoscopic surgery among women with ovarian cysts whose maximum diameter was > or = 10 cm and radiologic and laboratory features suggestive of benign disease. Patients' demographics, clinical and ultrasound features, CA-125 values, surgical procedures, operative and post-operative complications, estimated amount of blood loss (EBL), operative time, conversion to laparotomy and the pathologic findings were recorded.

Broad ligament lipoma presenting as a pelvic mass: a case report.

Background: Pelvic masses can arise from gynecologic, nongynecologic, intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal structures. A retroperitoneal lipoma presenting as an adnexal mass is exceedingly rare.

Case: A 27-year-old, healthy woman had pelvic discomfort and was found to have pelvic organ displacement to the left side and a right adnexal mass.