Willingness and determinants of elder care modes among elderly individuals: insights from underdeveloped regions in Western China.

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the willingness of elderly individuals regarding their choice of elderly care modes in underdeveloped regions of Western China and to identify the key factors influencing the willingness.

Methods: We distributed a total of 20 000 questionnaires using the multistage stratified cluster random sampling method, and successfully collected 19 460 of them. After conducting quality checks, we deemed 19 040 questionnaires valid for analysis.

Deciphering olfactory receptor binding mechanisms: a structural and dynamic perspective on olfactory receptors.

Olfactory receptors, classified as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), have been a subject of scientific inquiry since the early 1950s. Historically, investigations into the sensory mechanisms of olfactory receptors were often confined to behavioral characteristics in model organisms or the expression of related proteins and genes. However, with the development of cryo-electron microscopy techniques, it has gradually become possible to decipher the specific structures of olfactory receptors in insects and humans.

Novel Meningoencephalomyelitis Associated With Vimentin IgG Autoantibodies.

Importance: Autoantibodies targeting astrocytes, such as those against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) or aquaporin protein 4, are crucial diagnostic markers for autoimmune astrocytopathy among central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorders. However, diagnosis remains challenging for patients lacking specific autoantibodies.

Objective: To characterize a syndrome of unknown meningoencephalomyelitis associated with an astrocytic autoantibody.

Neurobiological mechanisms of nicotine's effects on feeding and body weight.

Nicotine, a neuroactive substance in tobacco products, has been widely studied for its effects on feeding and body weight, mostly focusing on the involvement of nervous system, metabolism, hormones, and gut microbiota. To elucidate the action mechanism of nicotine on feeding and body weight, especially the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, we reviewed the studies on nicotine's effects on feeding and body weight by the regulation of various nerve systems, energy expenditure, peripheral hormones, gut microbiota, etc. The role of neuronal signaling molecules such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and kappa opioid receptor (κOR) were specialized in the nicotine-regulating energy expenditure.

Inhalable Carbonyl Sulfide Donor-Hybridized Selective Phosphodiesterase 10A Inhibitor for Treating Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting Tumor Growth Factor-β Signaling and Activating the cAMP/Protein Kinase A/cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB)/p53 Axis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating, incurable, and life-threatening disease that lacks effective therapy. The overexpression of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) plays a vital role in pulmonary fibrosis (PF). However, the impact of selective PDE10A inhibitors on the tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β)/small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathway remains unclear.