[Hematotoxicity of thiamphenicol. Report of two cases of acute erythroblastopenia (author's transl)].

Thiamphenicol is known to produce two hematological side effects: a decrease in blood cell count concerning mainly red blood cells; in this case regression is observed after withdrawal of the drug; the frequency of this side effect appears to be higher than that observed after chloramphenicol administration. Severe and sometimes fatal pancytopenia is rare and related to primary bone marrow failure; its incidence seems to be increased by high dosages, long-term or repeated administration, interaction with other hematotoxic drug administration, renal failure, elderly or immune suppression.