Techno-Economic Analysis of the Production of Liquid Biofuels from Sewage Sludge via Hydrothermal Liquefaction.

This work addresses the process and economic performance of the production of gasoline and diesel range fuels from urban sewage sludge. The overall production route involves direct conversion of the sewage sludge to an intermediate oil phase, so-called biocrude, via hydrothermal liquefaction at near-critical water conditions and further upgrading of the biocrude based on conventional refinery processes. The overall mass and energy yields of combined naphtha and middle distillate from sewage sludge on dry basis are approximately 19 and 60%, where the naphtha fraction represents about 45% of the total, with a minimum fuel selling price ranging between 2.

Characterization of syngas produced from MSW gasification at commercial-scale ENERGOS Plants.

Characterization of the syngas produced in the gasification process has been performed at commercial-scale Energy-from-Waste plants under various conditions of lambda value and syngas temperature. The lambda value from the gasification process is here defined as the ratio of the gasification air to the total stoichiometric air for complete combustion of the fuel input. Evaluation of the syngas calorific value has been performed by three different methods, i.

Locked posterior dislocation of the shoulder: treatment using arthroscopic removal of a loose body.

We report a case of locked posterior dislocation of the shoulder successfully treated with arthroscopic removal of an intraarticular loose body and flattening of the impression fracture of the humeral head. A 2-year follow-up shows excellent clinical results and no redislocation. We also describe the arthroscopic findings of this pathological situation.