The endocannabinoid anandamide mediates anti-inflammatory effects through activation of NR4A nuclear receptors.

Background And Purpose: Endocannabinoids are lipid mediators, which elicit complex biological effects that extend beyond the central nervous system. Tissue concentrations of endocannabinoids increase in atherosclerosis, and for the endocannabinoid N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine (anandamide, AEA), this has been linked to an anti-inflammatory function. In this study, we set out to determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of AEA, specifically focusing on vascular smooth muscle cells.

Healthy plasma lipidomic signatures depend on sex, age, body mass index, and contraceptives but not perceived stress.

Perceived stress is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic, vascular, mental, and immune diseases, with different susceptibilities in women and men. The present study investigated if and how perceived stress and/or demographic variables, including sex, age, body mass index, regular prescription drugs, occasional analgesics, or dietary supplements, manifested in plasma lipidomic profiles obtained by targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry analyses. The study included 217 healthy women and 108 healthy men, aged 18-68 yr, who were recruited in a 2:1 female:male ratio to account for women with/without contraceptives.

Knock-Out of IKKepsilon Ameliorates Atherosclerosis and Fatty Liver Disease by Alterations of Lipid Metabolism in the PCSK9 Model in Mice.

The inhibitor-kappaB kinase epsilon (IKKε) represents a non-canonical IκB kinase that modulates NF-κB activity and interferon I responses. Inhibition of this pathway has been linked with atherosclerosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), yet the results are contradictory. In this study, we employed a combined model of hepatic PCSK9 overexpression and a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and liver steatosis.

SPMs exert anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects through positive allosteric modulation of the prostaglandin EP4 receptor.

Inflammation is a protective response to pathogens and injury. To be effective it needs to be resolved by endogenous mechanisms in order to avoid prolonged and excessive inflammation, which can become chronic. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are a group of lipids derived from omega-3 fatty acids, which can induce the resolution of inflammation.

Machine learning and biological validation identify sphingolipids as potential mediators of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in cancer patients.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a serious therapy-limiting side effect of commonly used anticancer drugs. Previous studies suggest that lipids may play a role in CIPN. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the particular types of lipids that are regulated as a consequence of paclitaxel administration and may be associated with the occurrence of post-therapeutic neuropathy.