Publications by authors named "G Gattuso"

The human microbiota represents a heterogeneous microbial community composed of several commensal, symbiotic, and even pathogenic microorganisms colonizing both the external and internal body surfaces. Despite the term "microbiota" being commonly used to identify microorganisms inhabiting the gut, several pieces of evidence suggest the presence of different microbiota physiologically colonizing other organs. In this context, several studies have also confirmed that microbes are integral components of tumor tissue in different types of cancer, constituting the so-called "intratumoral microbiota".

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Background: Cancer onset and progression are driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations leading to oncogene activation and the silencing of tumor suppressor genes. Among epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation (methDNA) is gaining growing interest in cancer. Promoter hypomethylation is associated with oncogene activation while intragenic methDNA can be involved in transcriptional elongation, alternative spicing, and the activation of cryptic start sites.

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  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a significant role in regulating cellular processes, and their altered expression is linked to prostate cancer (PCa), affecting disease initiation and response to treatment.
  • This study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of specific RNAs, particularly miRNAs, in differentiating PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using unfiltered urine samples from 100 patients.
  • The findings indicated that certain miRNAs (like miR-27b-3p and miR-574-3p) are more reliable biomarkers for PCa than long RNAs, with combined miRNA profiles providing even better diagnostic accuracy, highlighting the potential of these non-invasive markers in clinical practice.
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  • - The study focused on treating high-risk M+ medulloblastoma patients through a specific chemotherapy and radiation protocol, including multiple high-dose drugs and tailored dosages based on age and response to treatment.
  • - Out of 89 enrolled patients, the median age was 8.8 years, and the study reported 5-year overall survival at 75.9% and 15-year event-free survival at 66.5%, with some negative outcomes linked to disease progression during treatment.
  • - Subgroup analysis indicated that patients with Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) tumors and those with certain genetic mutations had significantly worse event-free survival rates compared to other subgroups in the study.
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Few studies investigated the genetics of relapsed Wilms tumor (WT), suggesting the gene, the microRNA processing genes, and the MYCN network as possibly involved in a relevant percentage of relapses. We investigated 28 relapsing WT patients (10 new cases and 18 cases in which the involvement of and miRNAPG had been excluded) with a panel of ∼5000 genes. We identified variants affecting genes involved in DNA damage prevention and repair in 12/28 relapsing patients (42.

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