Pain during injections of botulinum toxin in children: Influence of the localization technique.

Objective: In this study, we consider two localization techniques used in injections of botulinium toxin in children: electrical stimulation and ultrasound. The hypothesis of this work was that injections performed without stimulation would be less painful.

Patients And Methods: Monocentric prospective study, with 107 sessions of lower limb injections.

Aggressive behavior after traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: In cases of agitation and aggressive behavior after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), the benefits/risks ratio of pharmacological treatments remains unclear. A qualitative analysis of clinical situations could highlight the relevance of psychotherapy care.

Case Report: In January 2005, this 24-year-old patient sustained severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow at 4/15), with bilateral frontotemporal injury and temporal extradural hematoma.

Intrathecal baclofen in cerebral palsy. A retrospective study of 25 wheelchair-assisted adults.

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB) in wheelchair-dependent adults with cerebral palsy.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis and clinical examination of 25 wheelchair-assisted adults with cerebral palsy receiving ITB initiated between 1999 and 2009 in three different cities in western France.

Results: ITB improves spasticity and facilitates wheelchair comfort and nursing care.

Social functioning and self-esteem in young people with disabilities participating in adapted competitive sport.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate social functioning quality of life and self-esteem in young people with disabilities taking part in adapted competitive sport.

Method: A sample of 496 athletes (mean age 16 years 4 months, range: 9 years to 20 years 9 months) was obtained from the 540 participants (91.8%) involved in a French national championship.

[Evaluation of analgesic protocol with nitrous oxide and EMLA cream during botulinum toxin injections in children].

Aims: To evaluate the efficiency and tolerance of analgesic treatment with nitrous oxide and topical eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) in children undergoing botulinum toxin injections for focal spasticity.

Methods: Prospective study including 40 consecutive patients aged 2 to 17 years, most with cerebral palsy, undergoing botulinum toxin injections. Ten had severe cerebral palsy with cognitive deficiency.