Study of T-cell activation in type I diabetic patients and pre-type I diabetic subjects by cytometric analysis: antigen expression defect in vitro.

In Type I diabetes the observation of a decreased release of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble IL-2 receptors by means of stimulated lymphocytes in vitro indicates that a primary immunoregulatory defect may be involved. To confirm this hypothesis we investigated the T-cell activation trend, evaluating the surface expression of IL-2 receptor (CD25), transferrin (CD71), HLA class II (DR), and CD69 phenotypes after in vitro stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA; 1 and 10 micrograms/ml) and concanavalin A (12.5 micrograms/ml) in six newly diagnosed Type I diabetics and six islet cell- and insulin autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives.

Analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets after phytohemagglutinin stimulation in normal and type 1 diabetic mothers and their infants.

Problem: Our aim was to investigate the immunological status of diabetic pregnancy, which is an overlap of diabetic immunity abnormalities and the immunological modifications normally occurring during pregnancy.

Method: We studied lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphokine production, after 96 h of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation, from normal and Type I diabetic pregnant women at delivery time and from the respective cord blood.

Results: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both normal and Type I diabetic mothers showed an increase in CD8+ and a decrease in CD4+ cells compared to the respective cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC).

[Fetal macrosomia in children of diabetic mothers: relationship with excess weight in early years of life].

One hundred children (4.1 +/- 1.9 years) were examined: 31 of type I diabetic mothers, 25 of type II diabetic mothers and 44 of gestational diabetic mothers.

[Residual hyperinsulinism after glucose oral load in obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance].

Forty-five NGT obese subjects were submitted to OGTT with IRI and CPR determinations and to euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, and divided into two groups: A) those with return of insulinemia toward basal values, and B) those with residual hyperinsulinism, in order to evaluate possible differences in insulin secretion and/or insulin action among them. Our data show the younger age of those with residual hyperinsulinism, that also seems related to insulin secretion, represented by IRI and CPR basal values, but not to insulin resistance parameters.