[The development of a personalized approach in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps].

Due to the high recurrence rate and the variety of complex pathogenesis mechanisms, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is difficult to treat. In addition, the disease reduces the quality of life of patients and carries a large financial burden on the healthcare system, therefore, a personalized approach to the treatment of this pathology is becoming popular today. In order to determine which drug route would be most rational for a particular patient, key concepts such as phenotyping, endotyping and genotyping of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps were introduced.

[Dynamic monitoring of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps].

In connection with the prevalence and tendency to relapse, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is an urgent problem not only for otorhinolaryngologists, but also for specialists whose therapeutic activity is somehow related to the respiratory system. Based on clinical observations, 5 phenotypes of this pathology were identified, each of which requires an individual approach to treatment and prevention. As a rule, the first stage is functional endoscopic rhinosinus surgery, the volume of which is determined depending on the phenotype.

[The remote post-graduate education in otorhinolaryngology: the first results and further prospects].

The objective of the present work was the retrospective analysis of the efficiency of two courses of remote education of otorhinolaryngologists in the real-time mode based on the results of the on-line questionnaire study. We analyzed the data obtained during the implementation of the pilot project of the remote post-graduate education at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Russian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education making use of the independent Internet resource for the professional training of otorhinolaryngologists. The two programs of remote education realized in 2012 and 2013 involved 7.

The microbiome of the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Aim: This multicenter study was focused on the identification of the microorganisms inhabiting the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Methodology: 112 middle meatus swabs and 112 maxillary sinus aspirates from 103 patients were available for culture.

Results: A total of 244 strains of microorganisms representing more than 50 families were identified in the maxillary sinus and middle nasal meatus (164 and 80, respectively).

[The importance of test control for the post-graduate education in clinical rhinology].

This publication deals with the problems pertaining to the improvement of the system of the post-graduate education in otorhinolaryngology with special reference to one of its topical fields, clinical rhinology. The authors emphasize the importance of one of the principal components of the post-graduate education under the present-day conditions, namely organization of control and self-control of learning the new material, self-monitoring and individual correction of the level of knowledge. Special attention is given to the training tests that can be used to adequately simulate the decision-making process with respect to a concrete clinical situation.