Scoping Review of Current Costing Literature on Interventions to Reach Zero-Dose Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

A limited number of studies focus on estimating the costs of interventions to increase childhood immunization coverage in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Existing reviews often compare estimated costs but lack information on the methods used. The objective of this review is to summarize the methods used in costing studies that assessed interventions to reach zero-dose (ZD) children.

Soil attributes and leaf litter composition in forest communities of the Brazilian Pantanal.

Leaf litter is an important component related to nutrient cycling and conservation of soil biodiversity. In this context, the objective of our study was to investigate the relationship between soil and leaf litter in different forest communities in sub-regions of the Pantanal (Nhecolândia and Abobral/Miranda). To this end, we collected soil and leaf litter samples from 152 sample plots divided in physiognomies regionally called as Cordilheira, Capão, Murundu, Corixo and Cambará/Canjiqueira forest.

Assessing Melting and Solid-Solid Transition Properties of Choline Chloride via Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Choline chloride (ChCl) is used extensively as a hydrogen bond donor in deep eutectic solvents (DESs). However, determining its melting properties experimentally is challenging due to decomposition upon melting, leading to widely varying literature values. Accurate melting properties are crucial for understanding the solid-liquid phase behavior of ChCl-containing DESs.

Real-world clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies in patients with moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease in Argentina: Data from the RISE-AR study.

Objective: Real-world evidence on the adoption of different pharmacological strategies in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Latin America is scarce. Herein, we describe real-world sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and different therapeutic approaches used in patients with IBD in Argentina.

Methods: RISE AR (NCT03488030) was a multicenter, non-interventional study with a cross-sectional evaluation and a 3-year retrospective chart review conducted in Argentina.

Polarized Bimetallic Site Synergy in Ionic Structures of Cu(II), Fe(III), and Mn(III) Porphyrins: Electrochemistry and Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitroaromatics.

Binuclear catalytic sites attained in a controlled way with complementary and cooperative metal ion centers are highly relevant in the development of new or enhanced catalytic processes. Herein, binuclear sites carrying Fe(III), Cu(II), or Mn(III) metal ions with a polarized structure have been prepared using the ionic self-assembly of oppositely charged metalloporphyrins. Binary porphyrin structures (BIPOS) have been prepared based on metalloporphyrin cations carrying pyridinium or methylpyridinium groups in conjugation with metalloporphyrin anions carrying sulfonatophenyl groups.