Coxiella burnetii is an intracellular, Gram-negative bacterium and causative agent of Q fever. In humans, the disease ranges mostly from a flu-like illness and self-recovering mild pneumonia to severe meningoencephalitis, myocarditis or endocarditis. Recent molecular and biochemical/immunological advances, along with improved instrumentation, have provided unique insight into the host-parasite interrelationship and revealed previously unknown virulence strategies of C.
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