Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and HLA Expression as Potential Biomarkers Predicting Response to PD-1 Inhibitor Therapy in Stage IV Melanoma Patients.

PD-1 inhibitors are known to be effective in melanoma; however, a considerable proportion of patients fail to respond to therapy, necessitating the identification of predictive markers. We examined the predictive value of tumor cell HLA class I and II expression and immune cell infiltration in melanoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Pretreatment surgical samples from 40 stage IV melanoma patients were studied immunohistochemically for melanoma cell expression of HLA class I molecules (using four antibody clones with different specificities), HLA-II, and immune cell infiltration (using a panel of 10 markers).

Telemedicine Rounding Support for Public Health System Pediatric Intensive Care Units in Brazil can Improve Outcomes.

There are discrepancies in resources and expertise available between pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in Brazil that likely significantly impact the clinical outcomes of patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of telemedicine rounding support in two public PICUs located in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. Our intervention involves telehealth rounds connecting two "level II" PICUs with specialist doctors from a hospital of recognized excellence.

[Incidentally discovered ectopic tissue in the central neck region (level VI) of the neck - A case series, retrospective analysis and literature review].

The thymus derives from the third branchial pouch, which migrates to the mediastinum through the central region of the neck. During the migration, particles split off and develop separately. The prevalence of ectopic thymus is 20-40%.

Resurgence of human respiratory syncytial virus during COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory infection in humans. Severe cases are common in children ≤2 years old, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. In 2020, RSV infection reduced in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil; however, in 2021 resurgence of RSV was observed.

Safe and secure vehicle routing: a survey on minimization of risk exposure.

Safe and secure vehicle routing problems refer to the transportation of dangerous (e.g., flammable liquids) or valuable goods (e.