A tridimensional atlas of the developing human head.

The evolution and development of the head have long captivated researchers due to the crucial role of the head as the gateway for sensory stimuli and the intricate structural complexity of the head. Although significant progress has been made in understanding head development in various vertebrate species, our knowledge of early human head ontogeny remains limited. Here, we used advanced whole-mount immunostaining and 3D imaging techniques to generate a comprehensive 3D cellular atlas of human head embryogenesis.

[Antenatal ear examination: When, how and why?].

Antenatal ear examination is an integral part of the thorough examination of the fetal face. The discovery of an anomaly, whether it is made by chance or during a complementary in-depth examination, leads the practitioner to determine its isolated or associated character, in order to characterise its possible belonging to a syndromic entity. In this context, the realization of genetic analysis more precise and wider allowing a return of the results in a time compatible with an evolutive pregnancy, gives to the geneticist a central role in the management of these couples.

[To eat, to breath, to cry, to speak, to sing, the zoological language epopee].

The language emergence during the last one million years is the success of the use of oral nutritive and breathing functional organs, which existed several hundred million years ago. But two new neurogenomic innovations were also necessary: The genesis of pneumo-laryngo-glossal Broca praxic area, associated to FOXP2 gene, and the brain connectome. The last one has connected, thanks to its network, the Broca area to these two vital functions, feeding orality and respiration, by using their motor pyramidal and cortico-nuclear ways already constituted.

Quality of life and phonatory and morphological outcomes in cognitively unimpaired adolescents with Pierre Robin sequence: a cross-sectional study of 72 patients.

Background: Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is a heterogeneous condition involving retro(micro)gnathia, glossoptosis and upper airway obstruction, very often with posterior cleft palate. Patients with PRS, either isolated or associated with Stickler syndrome have good intellectual prognosis. Nevertheless, the quality of life in adolescence and the phonatory and morphological outcomes are rarely analysed.

[To eat or to speak].

Human oro-pharyngeal feeding is old as mammals's (150 millions years). This fonction is performed and coordinated by the central and peripheric nervous system. Thus, eating and speaking use the same anatomic ducts and ways.