Growth and yield responses of snap bean to mixtures of carbon dioxide and ozone.

Elevated CO2 concentrations expected in the 21st century can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas tropospheric O3 suppresses plant growth and yield in many areas of the world. Recent experiments showed that elevated CO2 often protects plants from O3 stress, but this has not been tested for many important crop species including snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Ozone tolerance in snap bean is associated with elevated ascorbic acid in the leaf apoplast.

Ascorbic acid (AA) in the leaf apoplast has the potential to limit ozone injury by participating in reactions that detoxify ozone and reactive oxygen intermediates and thus prevent plasma membrane damage. Genotypes of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) were compared in controlled environments and in open-top field chambers to assess the relationship between extracellular AA content and ozone tolerance. Vacuum infiltration methods were employed to separate leaf AA into extracellular and intracellular fractions.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with early cirrhosis.

Traditionally, cholecystectomy in cirrhotic patients has been reserved for patients with severe biliary disease, because of the high morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients undergoing this procedure. Laparoscopic cholecytectomy (LC) was originally contraindicated in cirrhotic patients because of the associated portal hypertension and coagulopathy. This study examined the safety of LC in Child's class A patients.

Growth and fruiting of tomato as influenced by elevated carbon dioxide and ozone.

'Tiny Tim' tomato plants were exposed to five CO treatments (375 (ambient), 450, 525, 600 or 675 μmol mol ) in combination with 0 (0 or 80 nmol mol . Biomass was evaluated following 3,5,7 and 13 wk exposure. Biomass following 13 wk exposure also included weekly harvests of mature tomato fruit beginning week 8.

On a simplified model of the renal medulla.

A set of equations that approximate the central core model of the human kidney are solved. It is noted that the solution indicates a limit to the increase in solute concentration in the descending limb of Henle for a given metabolic pump term. Comparison is made with the results of an alternative theory, and numerical results are presented for the increase in solute concentration in the descending limb of Henle.